Munter hitch: Difference between revisions

m Infobox - polishing flow with support of chatGPT
Added reference to the munter finger and did small readability refinements
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{{Infobox knot
{{Infobox knot
| image = File: Munter_on_white.jpg
| image = File: Munter_on_white.jpg
| other_names = HMS, HMS knot, munter
| other_names = HMS, HMS knot, Munter
| pros = Fast and simple, requires only an HMS carabiner, works at any angle, allows smooth lowering of a second climber
| pros = Fast and simple, requires only an HMS carabiner, works at any angle, allows smooth lowering of a second climber
| cons = Causes rope abrasion, prone to rope tangling, no braking assistance
| cons = Causes rope abrasion, prone to rope tangling, no braking assistance
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Munter hitch (also known as HMS) is an essential knot used for belaying in occasions when a belay device cannot be used. It is also used in advanced rope techniques (for example rescue techniques).
Munter hitch (also known as HMS) is a knot used for belaying when a belay device is unavailable or impractical. For its simplicity, it is often employed in the advanced rope techniques, including rescue techniques.


== Tying == <!--T:10-->
== Tying == <!--T:10-->
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=== Tying for an anchor belay (easy method) ===
=== Tying for an anchor belay (easy method) ===
This method is very robust and suitable for learning how to tie the hitch.
This method is very robust and ideal for learning the Munter hitch.


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|Make a loop (1)
|Make a loop (1)
|File: Hms_ez_step2.png
|File: Hms_ez_step2.png
|Pull a thumb through the loop (2)
|Pull your thumb through the loop (2)
|File: Hms_ez_step3.png
|File: Hms_ez_step3.png
|Place another strand over your thumb and close the hand with your index finger (3)
|Place another strand over your thumb and close the hand with your index finger (3)
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|Screw the safety-lock (5)
|Screw the safety-lock (5)
|File: Hms_ez_step6.png
|File: Hms_ez_step6.png
|Inspect that everything is correct (6) and as a final check, pull the break-strand (7) to test if the Munter hitch flips into another Munter
|Inspect that everything is correct (6) and as a final test, pull the brake strand (7), the Munter hitch flips into another Munter
}}
}}


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|Take a bight of the rope (1)
|Take a bight of the rope (1)
|File: Hms_harness_step2.png
|File: Hms_harness_step2.png
|Create a loop (2)
|Make a loop (2)
|File: Hms_harness_step3.png
|File: Hms_harness_step3.png
|Open the carabiner gate (3) and seat the loop into the carabiner (4)
|Open the carabiner gate (3) and seat the loop into the carabiner (4)
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|Screw the safety-lock (5)
|Screw the safety-lock (5)
|File: Hms_harness_step5.png
|File: Hms_harness_step5.png
|Inspect that everything is correct (6) and pull the break-strand (7) to test if the munter hitch flips into another munter as a final check
|Inspect that everything is correct (6) and pull the break-strand (7) to test if the munter hitch flips into another munter
}}
}}


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== Belaying ==
== Belaying ==
Always hold the break strand! Belaying with Munter hitch is reliable and reasonably comfortable. Munter works smoothly when not loaded, yet giving friction to catch a fall once tensioned. It blocks regardless of the angle of the breaking hand. The main reason why it is used less often is that if the rope is pulled through the hitch under tension, Munter tends to tangle the rope.
Always hold the break strand! Belaying with Munter hitch is reliable and reasonably comfortable. In works smoothly when not loaded, but provides plenty of friction to catch a fall once tensioned. It works at any angle of the brake strand. The main drawback is that if the rope is pulled through the hitch under load, it tends to tangle the rope, which is the main reason why it is now used only rarely.


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=== Belaying risks ===
=== Belaying risks ===
When belaying with Munter hitch, aside from always holding the break strand, belayer should pay attention to keep fingers at a respectful distance from the knot, otherwise he might risk jamming his fingers into the belay, which might result in a severe finger injury. Belayer should also ensure to tie the Munter in a way that it does not interfere with the carabiner gate/lock. Otherwise the rope friction might unlock, and maybe even open the gate of the carabiner.
Belayer should keep their fingers at a respectful distance from the knot. Otherwise they might risk jamming the fingers into the belay, which might result in a severe finger injury.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://rescue2training.com/tying-a-munter-hitch-around-an-object/ | title=Tying a Munter Hitch Around an Object (updated) | publisher=Rescue 2 Training | website=Rescue2Training.com | access-date=25 September 2025 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250925045809/https://rescue2training.com/tying-a-munter-hitch-around-an-object/ | archive-date=25 September 2025}}</ref> Belayer should also ensure to tie the Munter in a way that it wont interfere with the carabiner gate/lock. Otherwise the rope friction might unlock, and maybe even open the carabiner gate.


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|File: Munter_fingers_safe.png
|File: Munter_fingers_safe.png
|135px
|135px
|When catching a fall, the rope slips a bit through the munter. Keep your hand in a respectful distance from the hitch...
|When catching a fall, the rope slips a bit through the Munter. Keep your hand in a respectful distance from the hitch...
|File: Munter_fingers.png
|File: Munter_fingers.png
|135px
|135px
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|File: Hms belay with climber.png
|File: Hms belay with climber.png
|120px
|120px
|... tie the munter in a way that it does not interfere with the carabiner gate/lock
|... tie the Munter in a way that it does not interfere with the carabiner gate/lock
|File: hms_belay_left_top.png
|File: hms_belay_left_top.png
|120px
|120px
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}}
}}


== References ==
{{reflist}}


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